Praise to Allah who never ceases being know, able. May Allah bless our liegelord
Muhammad, whom He sent to humankind as a bearer of good tidings and a warner, and
upon his folk, Companions, and many salutations.
To commence: The books of the nomenclature of ḥadith specialists are many and were
expanded and condensed. One of my brothers asked that I summarize for them what is
important. I responded to his request seeking to be counted among those who trod the
[scholarly] paths. So I say:
• The first is the mass–transmitted report (mutawātir), and conveys sure knowledge (‘ilm
yaqīnī) when its conditions are met.
• The second is the well–known report (mashhūr) and it is also called the well–circulated
report (mustafīḥ) according to one opinion.
• The third is the rare report (‘azīz). It is not the [minimal] condition for authenticity,
contrary to whoever claimed it.
• The fourth is the uncommon report (gharīb).
All of them except for the first are solitary reports (āḥād). They [=these reports]
encompass the accepted and the rejected since using them as evidence hinges on
investigating the status of the reporters, contrary to the first category. Yet they might
contain what conveys inductive knowledge (‘ilm naḥarī) with external indicators,
according to the preferred opinion.
The science of hadith is one of the most honourable and important sciences as we know through it the truthfulness of what was narrated to messenger of Allah peace be upon him whether it is authentic or weak.It’s importance and honorability are due the honorability and importance of it’s target which is the sunnah of the messenger peace be upon him , the second source of the islamic legislation, the words of who doesn’t pronounce any word out of prejudice, it is nothing except a revelation revealed.
And from the most collective and summarized written texts of this field is The Text Of Nukabat Al Fakar In Mostalah Ahal Al Athar the top of thinking in the classification of hadith by the Hafiz Ahmed Ibn Ali Ibn Hajar Al Askalany Al Shafi may the mercy of Allah be upon him.And this is the reading of the text.
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